Application For Teaching And Nutrition Essay - 851 Words

I am applying for programmes relating to teaching and nutrition because I see positively my career in the education sector. I would like to become a qualified English language teacher. I believe that I am able to explain not only grammar rules to children and adults but also to communicate with them paying an attention to their individual needs. During my high school years, I supported my school fellows in learning English language. I affords me a great pleasure to educate people. Through undergraduate course, the diet and nutrition – related, I have been gaining experience and knowledge on educating individuals about healthy and rational diet. I suppose that my first degree and the Master degree in English teaching have a common denominator. The good teachers should analyse their pupils’ or students’ individual needs. Similarly, the health promoters compile balanced diets to their clients according to their specific requirements. I wish to develop my knowledge a nd career further t the Leeds Beckett University because I am convenient that this higher education provider recruits innovative and dedicated teachers. I was glad to acknowledge from the university prospectus that highly qualified team develop innovative materials. I would be glad to embark on this course and take ‘route two’ of the programme. I am the non – native speaker who is interested in developing the techniques and approaches to teach both the language systems and skills. I amShow MoreRelatedStatement of Purpose for a Career to Help People Achieve Overall Wellness1016 Words   |  4 Pagesgrocery store. I remember my brother not being too happy about the switch from whole milk to one-percent. After I graduated high school, I knew I wanted to pursue a degree in nutrition. However, by the time I was a senior in college, I had received many experiences that led me to my true passion: the field of public health. Nutrition is just one piece to the puz zle in the field of public health, and I would like to be involved in the greater picture in helping people achieve greater overall wellness.Read MorePersonal Statement : Teaching And Nutrition Essay927 Words   |  4 Pages I am applying for the programmes relating to teaching and nutrition because I see positively my career in the education sector. I have been studying nutrition in community context and I take an interest in studying diet journals that analyse the sports nutrition. My passion for the sport nutrition and the low fat ‘methodology’ of food preparation is vital. My undergraduate course gave me a great satisfaction to learn the healthy lifestyle form a holistic perspective. I have also chosenRead MoreChild Development And Family Studies Essay1670 Words   |  7 Pagesout changes in schools. Changes will consists of decreasing the amount of students per teacher to a ratio of 7 to 1. They will also be improving teaching staff development and children’s skills to get them prepare for school. Paying close attention to kids who may be in danger of encountering any educational failure and providing programs that offer nutrition and housing assistance also form part of the strategy to help underprivileged children. They will also offer programs to help the developmentRead MoreThe Importance Of Literacy Assessment For Adults Essay1162 Words   |  5 PagesAssessment is the frequent and interactive assessments of the progress and understanding of the learner in the course. This is an ongoing process, woven into interactions between tutor and learner. This Formative Assessment improves the quality of teaching – teaching to specific learning needs and to achieve the goals set for the learner. Describe summative assessments and their purpose: The Summative Assessment Identifies and summarises the achievement of the learner at a particular time. It may measureRead MoreHealth and Wellness Education841 Words   |  4 Pages*Health And* Wellness Education HWE 100 HUMAN NUTRITION 3 CREDITS Introduces basic principles of nutrition with emphasis on personal nutrition. Satisfies nutrition requirement of students entering healthcare professions. HWE 108 WEIGHT LOSS 1 CREDIT Focuses on combining a healthy diet and exercise to shed unwanted pounds and inches. The course will include online sessions that will focus on personal habits including diet that lead to weight gain and exercise session appropriateRead MoreEssay on Nutrition and Diet Analysis1024 Words   |  5 PagesUniversity of Delaware Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition NTDT 200 Nutrition Concepts Section 10 Fall 2013 Instructor: Diane Oliver, MPH, RD, LDN E-mail: doliver@udel.edu (E-mail is the best way to reach me) Office Hours: by appointment Undergraduate Teaching Assistants: Jessica D’Angelo Email: jessicad@udel.edu Credits: 3 Credits Meeting Times: Tuesday and Thursday 2 pm to 3:15 p.m. Location: 319 Willard Hall Teaching Methods: Lecture and Discussion Textbook: Required:Read MoreChildhood Obesity Has Been A Popular Topic Of Conversation859 Words   |  4 Pageslarge retail outlet. Additionally, two school nurses were phone interviewed. The resulting nursing diagnosis was determined as: Potential for current and future health problems associated with obesity related to lack of knowledge regarding proper nutrition and exercise, evidenced by visual assessment, perceptions of school nurse, and supporting CDC statistics specific to SC. Goals and Learning Objectives After the diagnosis is confirmed, it is very important that the community embrace the goals. EvidenceRead MoreModule Content And Teaching Program Essay1557 Words   |  7 PagesModule content and teaching programme Since it is backward design it delays the module content selection until the intended learning outcomes (ILOs) finalized which is a means to greater ends (Angelo, 2013). The module content was arranged based on the seven Cs, particularly the first C, compelling (Angelo, 2013), and authentic, real-world and relevant (Meyers and Nulty, 2007). †¢ The challenges of food safety, future options and possible strategies for crop production in the UK and world agricultureRead MoreThe Application Of Computer Fertilizer Processing1722 Words   |  7 Pagesmanagement of the large volume of repetitive work in a more productive sand systemic way.This has helped the decision making process of the management of the industries and organizations very effectively. The application of computers in dairy processing is not new, because it has its application over the years not only in India but other countries of the world. The dairy sector followed the universal pattern of evolutionary process of mechanization. The uniqueness of the system involved is that fromRead MoreWhy I Want to Be a Nutritionist758 Words   |  3 Pagesnutrients with gene and drugs†. According to my observation of life nutrition is the fundamental factor which influences health and it’s the relationship between health and disease. Often people do not realize the importance of good nutrition for wellbeing. This whole world revolve around nutrition, we are absolutely nothing without nutritional values. Chemistry of the human body is the reason which made me interested in nutrition. In school I read that eating influence the ability to concentrate

Essay on War Film Genre - 1668 Words

Matthew Jaskot English 102-7 9:30 A.M Avodian September 20, 2012 War from the Beginning War films have been around for quite some time. They have many different aspects to them. Each film has a little bit different view, depending on what the director wants the audience to get out of the movie. Some target the importance of how horrific and heart breaking war was, while others were used to inspire their country to support their troops. There are films though that go straight to the point of war and show all of the intense combat, the pain and suffering the soldiers did for their country, and the brutality of what countries did to prisoners in concentration camps. War films never get dull, they will keep the audience interested and†¦show more content†¦People could see what was happening at the war, and realize what their soldiers were going through. These films were used mostly as a recruitment use, and as way to make the people angry towards the enemy, suggesting that heroic American involvement would bring home victory. We could see our selves that the war demands not only on the nerves of the soldiers but also to those who had to stay at home (Kaes 22). Not only did films like these inspire people to join the military, but made the people who stayed at home become aware of the how nerve racking and crucial the war was. War films died off for a period of time after the war, since there was no need to rally the people during a time of peace. Eventually the films picked back in the mid twenties. The first film to really bring start the production of war films again was The Big Parade, it was the first to realistically portray the horrors of battle and the struggle for survival by three soldier-comrades. This film made more money than any other MGM production during this time. These films were more gruesome than viewers were used to seeing. Hantke states that the war was a place of death; imminent, inevitable, violent, inexorably physical, and omnipresent: bloody death, grim death, death without metaphysical or tran scendent comforts (702). Films like these really showed how awful and painful war was to those who never went oversea to fight. These filmsShow MoreRelatedThe War Film Genre538 Words   |  2 PagesThe war film genre includes films about warfare, including naval, air or land battles. Films in this genre may focus on the battles, prisoners of war, military training, life during wartime or morality and humanitarian issues of warfare. This genre commonly includes works of fiction, works based on historical facts and occasionally works based on alternate-history fiction. According to American Cinema/American Culture, the genre also includes four narrative elements: the suspension of morality duringRead MoreWar Film Genre: Platon523 Words   |  2 PagesThe war film genre includes films about warfare, including naval, air or land battles. Films in this genre may focus on the battles, prisoners of war, military training, life during wartime or morality and humanitarian issues of warfa re. This genre commonly includes works of fiction, works based on historical facts and occasionally works based on alternate-history fiction. According to American Cinema/American Culture, the genre also includes four narrative elements: the suspension of morality duringRead MoreThe Vietnam War Film Genre1313 Words   |  6 PagesThe Vietnam film is a specific sub-genre of the conventional Hollywood war film that arose as a result of the 1960s counter culture. According to Elliot Stegall’s article Ideological, Dystopic, and Antimythopoetic Formations of Masculinity in the Vietnam War Film many American war films depicted the glorification of war and emphasized the concept of American masculinity (Stegall). Previous to the Vietnam period, Hollywood war films stuck to contemporary tropes. These films often re-enact the ideaRead More Saving Private Ryan: An Excellent Example of the War Film Genre495 Words   |  2 PagesSteven Speilbergs Saving Private Ryan The opening 30 minutes of â€Å"Saving Private Ryan† is significantly effective as an example to the war film genre. It begins brilliantly with battle between the American and German forces. As the American troops were approaching enemy lines, the representation of the soldiers is that they are just ordinary human beings, not gung-ho. The conscripts were full of anxiety and fear. In fact it’s the very first thing you see with CaptainRead MoreThe Science Fiction Film Genre Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesScience Fiction Films The science fiction film genre has been around almost as long as movies have, but like the cinema it is still a fairly young art form. This genre came into existence shortly after the invention of the movie camera in 1888 and has endured for over one-hundred years. Science fiction is adaptive; it changes with the times and this trend can be seen in its incorporation of other genres, cultural history and technology. This essay will attempt to define the genre, chronicle the historyRead MoreMovie Analysis : Film And Film Genre Essay1182 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many different types of film and film genres. A film can fit into more than one genre, but there are some genres that are more general than others. Some examples of film genre are animated, science fiction, documentary, comedy, and historical fiction. Within each genre, there are also specific characteristics that help support themes and story lines within that genre. An animated movie is a drawing, painted, or digitally created film that uses stop-frame cinematography to simulate movementRead MoreMovie Analysis : Film And Film870 Words   |  4 PagesGenre helps to define the storylines of films and helps categorise them in order to be identified when people come to look for a film to maybe help determine whether you are going to like the film or not. Genre can set scenes in order for us to know what type of film we may be watching e.g.: if you were to be watching a horror film you would have spooky, dull and dark lighting. This would set the scene letting us know that this film will most likely be a horror film. Knowing the type of genre ofRead MoreMusic and Film Essays991 Words   |  4 Pagesoriginal scores during the silent film era and cites specific examples from The Birth of a Nation. (10 points) Music is an important form of art; it has always been utilized by each and every culture for entertainment purpose. Earlier in the silent film era, music was generally not included in the films but played in the beginning or at the end to entertain the audience. Later music was used in the form of background score to provide strength to the scenes of the film. There were three types of originalRead More film crime Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pages Film genres are categories, classifications or groups of films that have a similar, familiar or instantly recognizable patterns, techniques or conventions that include one or more of the following: setting, content, themes, plot, motifs, styles, structures, situations, characters, and stars (filmsite.org and notes). There are many categories of film genre. These categories can cover practically any film ever made by man, although film categories can never be precise. By isolating the various elementsRead MoreFilm Analysis : The Searchers1624 Words   |  7 PagesFilm Analysis-The Searchers Dean Childs ENG 225 Allison Sansbury November 10, 2014 The Searchers Throughout this class, various discussions and blogs have been used to analyze the different elements of films such as theme, cinematic techniques and genre. It is time to bring all of these separate elements together in the analysis of one specific film, according to class text, â€Å"analyzing levels of meaning below the surface story can greatly enhance enjoyment as well as understanding of

Comparison of Forest Policy of British Columbia and Ontario - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Comparison of Forest Policy of British Columbia and Ontario. Answer: Introduction British Columbia is considered to be on the Western Canada, located in the border of Pacific Ocean. It is one of the most biologically and ecologically diverse province in Canada. The forest in the province compose 91% of softwood thereby providing BC almost half of softwood industry of Canada. The forest governance in BC encompasses about 95% of 55 million hectares of diverse forests which are publicly owned and prioritised for resource management planning. The foundation of sustainable forest management in BC is considered for timber supply which is reviewed through independent chief forester for determining the quantity of wood which may be harvested from the individual province of 70 management units[1]. The forest laws and policies of Ontario are directed for sustainable management and usage of crown forests. This regulation is able to ensure that the forests remain healthy and provide the adequate benefits to present and future generations. The forest sustainability act is able to outline the way forest management planning, licenses, resources and revenue collection are maintained. In addition to this, Crown Forest Sustainability Act includes information management, forest operations, compliance, remedies and enforcement mechanisms. The report aims to show the difference between the forest policy of British Columbia and Ontario. Some of the main comparison areas of the report is included with the complexity of the reporting and state the major differences and public participation[2]. Complexity The main reason for the complexity for British Columbia is due to the political stripe of the government. Despite of the growth and sophistication of the forestry, bureaucracy and capitalists, forest industry was able to assert their short-term private economic priorities over the longer-term resources management goals of the professional foresters. During the early stages of forest industry of BCs, forest industry development was discerned with very limited political or economic scope for the advancement in the forestry pertaining to peoples share, which is allegedly a highly competitive and unstable enterprise[3]. In the starting of the twentieth century, BC was considered as one of the last timber frontiers in North America. Much of the timber was in private hands which got alienated with the railway land grants and the early crown giants. The timberlands were able to return small amount of annual revenue to the government which has kept the industry well supplied. To capture large amount of revenue of timber, the government had to adopt policy of allocating millions of acres for future cutting at low rental charges for this purpose. Some of the other complexities were evident with licenses changing hands more than once at a price approaching real market value of the timber, thereby ending up in the possession of large American timber holding firms. The important concern for the stability of tenure of more than fifteen thousand cutting licenses placed in private hands by 1907[4]. Ontario has recognised the process of climate change as a challenge requiring government action. The climate change strategy is committed to contributing to the global greenhouse gas emission reductions by the preparation of changing climate policy and continuing with the research to help assisting for the same and its implications on the environment. The existence of ecologically functional growth is considered to be an indicator of healthy forest ecosystem and its importance for the wellbeing of future generations[5]. A composite forest stand structure such as planting old trees for the ecosite, large trees along with wide spacing and multiple canopy layers and rates of the changes in the species composition is considered to be difficult. It is also difficult to understand the ecosystem functions such as stand productivity, nutrient cycling and wildlife habitat which are considered to be dissimilar from the early stages of the forest development. In addition to this, the presence of variability among the living organism from different foundations including the inter alia terrestrial, marine and aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexities which are discerned to bring diversity among the species in the ecosystems. The condition of the of forest ecosystem is also discerned as one of the main complexity of providing the required needs to the people of Ontario. This includes changing rate of composition of the species and forest stand structure. The sub-divided units of ecoregions are based on t he subregions landform pattern, physical geography, climate trends and complexity of the landscape[6]. The aforementioned nature of the changing landscape pattern is affecting the various types of the policies which are seen to be related to the adaptation of the same for Ontario forest policy. The condition of the forest ecosystem is based on the several complexities which are associated in providing the needs of the people. The complexity of the forest department is discerned in terms for the various types of types of the measures which is directly related to the sustainability issues which is defined as per the long term Crown forest health [which is] the condition of a forest ecosystem which sustains the ecosystems complexity while providing for the needs of the people of Ontario. The functional conditions are mainly seen to be affected by old growth functional conditions which is associated with complex forest stand structure. For instance, old trees and wide spacing relies on complex structuring system which are often viewed to cause trouble to the overall composition of the spe cies. Henceforth, setting the standards for these species is often viewed as a major problem[7]. Major difference The Ontario Forestry policies is dedicated for managing the forests in a manner which secures the feasibility in the long-term of the business and enhances the shareholder value thereby maintaining the environmental planning. The forest policy is committed to meet the requirement for the applicable environmental and social laws which is able to regulate the requirements for Resolution the Forest Products including pollution prevention. The policy enforcement is not related to prevent purchase of wood from illegal sources. This further aims to develop supportable forest management policies which takes into account the timber and non-timber values for ensuring the conservation of the biological diversity aimed at sound scientific principles. The active engagement of the first nations communities is seen with the goal to have a positive working relationship[8]. The policy considers active engagement of the first nations communities with the goal of maintaining an optimistic working relations and active involvement of forest stakeholders for the expansion and application of forest management plans. The policies seek support from the native contractors and local workers. There has been a significant encouragement of the contractors non-resident forest workers to stay in local communities at the time of working on the forests. In addition to this, they dont value for procurement of local goods and services. Some of the other commitments to the policy is considered with providing appropriate training to the employees of the company and contractors engaged in operations associated to forestry and producing wood fibre for the mills[9]. At times the worker supports the encouragement of research and development which progresses with understanding of forest science, climate change, management practices and sustainable forest management. The policies of forest certification in all the phases includes provisions for prompt reforestation, maintenance of soil productivity of forest, production of water quality, riparian zones and water bodies. In addition to this, the forest certifications also aim to ensure efficient use of forest resources thereby protecting the special sites[10]. Some of the other important consideration for forest policy includes monitoring, measuring and good assessment of the performance for openly available, third-party processes of auditing and management to improve the overall operations. The forest certification ensures risk management practices among the external fibre suppliers including private woodlot owners. The forest policy maintained in British Columbia had been through several international scrutinies from US, transnational environmental group and European environmental group which was able to protect and preserve the undistinguished ecological characteristics. Comparison of the British Columbia forest policy with forest policy in Ontario clearly shows that, British Columbia has a more stringent regulation in compare to the later[11]. The policy adopted by BC mainly focused on riparian zone management, clearcutting and maintenance of protected areas. The overall analysis was able to depict that British Columbias environmental forestry rules had a tendency of being lax than government harvesting in United States. The exploration of this claim was for the nursing to be important due to the assertions of bolster efforts. Several reviews have been able to review that BCs strategy of clearcutting, riparian zones, and protected sections were either following stringent or a more comparable approach by five soft food harvesting states. The important empirical evidence of a study is able to depict that the clearcutting and riparian rules by the government are more stringent in British Columbia than in any other jurisdiction[12]. The main depictions have further revealed that the review does not address on the unique environment qualities of British Columbia forest department which has made its forest resource management efficient in nature[13]. The individuals wishing to preserve the voters remaining intact with ancient forests needs for British Columbia however, these types of revelations were not observed in forest policy in Ontario[14]. The research believed that, on moving toward mutual understanding and sustainable forest management, it needs to be depicted that Canada and the United States will be doing better in terms of developing binational North American forestry commission which should be able to become the centre for binational collaborative research program[15]. Public Participation The public participation is considered as the political principle or the practice which is associated to the concept of stakeholder engagement. The general public participation aims to seek involvement from the individuals who are potentially affected by the interests in decisions. The Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR) seeks to recognise the work of the members who have been appointed for the Old Growth Forests Policy Advisory Committee and the scientific advisory committee. The old growth policy is prepared in terms of the responses to the final report which is seen to be associated to the Old Growth Forests Policy Advisory Committee and the scientific advisory committee. MNR desires to recognizes Norm Iles from Colin Hewitt and Domtar Inc. from Abitibi-Consolidated Company of Canada who were seen to participate in the testing methodology of the forest management planning process. In addition to this, the aboriginal stakeholders, people, government, industries and people is seen t o having the opportunity for developmental activities in landscape level planning strategies. The various types of the planned investments are taken into consideration with the integration of ecological provincial policies. The district manager of MNRF has the opportunity for LCC to recommend one of its members for participating in the planning team. Moreover, MNRF district manager is able to invite person who are collectively able to represent the overlapping licensees and the beneficiary of the MNRF wood supply assurances which does not have the ownership in the company for sustainable forest license policy[16]. In the first stage the MNRF district manager is seen to offer occasions for a representative of each Mtis community and First Nation whose interests or the traditional uses including the credible and established aboriginal treaties may get affected to participate on the FMP planning team. The individuals representing MNRF are invited to join as advisors for the overall planning process which is related to the reviews given by the planning team or the reviewers. As per the recommendation given by the MNRF district manager, the government ministries or the agencies determine the organisations having specific interests which need to be addressed in the FMP. In case the ministries express their concern, they are invited for participating on the planning team. The participation by LCC is considered as an essential component of the preparation and implementation process of the FMP which consists of the representative from the different committees who are seen to participate in the planning team, in case it is desired by the committee. The various types of the other committee member may also express their concern on the attending the planning team meetings and the observers[17]. In the last few decades the tendency of the incorporating has considered the forest polices for the planning process of the peoples participation. However, the researchers are able to develop the influential lists of the criteria for the evaluation of the public participation which is able to consider the theoretical conjecture in the collection of empirical process. The provincial land-use planning for BC forest management is done by Brenneis. The significant consideration of the public participation is further seen to take into consideration to include the various types of the legal mandate which is able to include the comprehensive public participation along with access to information, adequate resources for participation[18]. The public participation of the BC forest management has been able to take into consideration the different types of the forest polices which is seen to related democratic theory and within the historical context of BC forest management. As per the recent complaints associated to the inadequate involvement of participating occasions reviewed at the Forest Practices Board there is a decrease the extent of public participation of land-in-use as per the discussed planning process. The main problem concerning forest policy was depicted with inadequate participatory opportunities which reduced the overall land-use planning. As per the latest public participation policy BC is able to link the various types of the public participation with the democratic theory. This approach offers the rationale of public use as per the reasons which explains the rationality in acclaiming such procedures[19]. The forest policy issued by BC is has involved the various facets of the ecological culture which is seen to be associated to the assessment of the public participation and environmental stewardship of forests. However, the various types of the consideration for the environmental stewardship has little contribution to the economic diversification. Several types of the collaborative studies have further able to suggest that the different type the consideration for the participation is not based on a sustainable effort diversifying the conventional forestry from the usually achievable involvement of the communities[20]. Conclusion The various depictions made in the report is able to discuss on different aspects of the complexity which are seen to be taken into consideration with the growth in size and the complexity of the forestry, bureaucracy and capitalists of the forest industry thereby asserting short-term private economic priorities over the longer-term resources management goals for the professional foresters. The main differentiating aspects between the Ontario forest policy and BC forest policy is taken into consideration with several international scrutinies. It needs to be understood that the Ontario Forestry policies is dedicated for dealing the forests in a manner which secures the long-term viability of the business and able to enhance the shareholder value thereby upholding the environmental planning. However, British Columbia has a more stringent regulation in compare to the later. The policy adopted by BC mainly focused on riparian zone management, clearcutting and maintenance of protected are as. The overall analysis was able to depict that British Columbias environmental forestry rules had a tendency of being lax than government harvesting in United States. References Anderson, William, and David MacLean. "Public forest policy development in New Brunswick, Canada: multiple streams approach, advocacy coalition framework, and the role of science."Ecology and Society20.4 (2015). Furness, Ella, Howard Harshaw, and Harry Nelson. "Community forestry in British Columbia: policy progression and public participation."Forest Policy and Economics58 (2015): 85-91. Gilani, Haris R., Robert A. Kozak, and John L. Innes. "The state of innovation in the British Columbia value-added wood products sector: the example of chain of custody certification."Canadian Journal of Forest Research46.8 (2016): 1067-1075. Golden, Denise M., Carol Audet, and M. A. Smith. "Blue-ice: framing climate change and reframing climate change adaptation from the indigenous peoples' perspective in the northern boreal forest of Ontario, Canada."Climate and Development7.5 (2015): 401-413. Griffith, Jodi, Alan P. Diduck, and Jacques Tardif. "Manitoba's forest policy regime: Incremental change, concepts, actors and relationships."The Forestry Chronicle91.1 (2015): 71-83. Hoberg, George, et al. "Forest carbon mitigation policy: a policy gap analysis for British Columbia."Forest Policy and Economics69 (2016): 73-82. Klenk, Nicole L. "The development of assisted migration policy in Canada: An analysis of the politics of composing future forests."Land Use Policy44 (2015): 101-109. Legaard, Kasey R., Steven A. Sader, and Erin M. Simons-Legaard. "Evaluating the impact of abrupt changes in forest policy and management practices on landscape dynamics: analysis of a Landsat image time series in the Atlantic Northern Forest."PloS one10.6 (2015): e0130428. Nie, Yuhao, and Xiaotao Bi. "Life-cycle assessment of transportation biofuels from hydrothermal liquefaction of forest residues in British Columbia."Biotechnology for biofuels11.1 (2018): 23. Prescott, Cindy E., and Kristine Weese. "Crossing the divide: engaging scientists and policy-makers in adapting forest management to climate change in British Columbia."The Forestry Chronicle90.1 (2014): 89-95. Rempel, Robert S., et al. "An indicator system to assess ecological integrity of managed forests."Ecological indicators60 (2016): 860-869. Richardson, Andrew David. "Peer review report 1 On Trends of carbon fluxes and climate over a mixed temperate-boreal transition forest in southern Ontario, Canada."Agricultural and Forest Meteorology217 (2016): 17-18. Smiley, B. P., J. A. Trofymow, and K. O. Niemann. "Spatially-explicit reconstruction of 100 years of forest land use and disturbance on a coastal British Columbia Douglas-fir-dominated landscape: implications for future watershed-scale carbon stock recovery."Applied Geography74 (2016): 109-122. St-Laurent, Guillaume Peterson, Shannon Hagerman, and George Hoberg. "Emergence and influence of a new policy regime: The case of forest carbon offsets in British Columbia."Land Use Policy60 (2017): 169-180. St-Laurent, Guillaume Peterson, Shannon Hagerman, and George Hoberg. "Barriers to the development of forest carbon offsetting: Insights from British Columbia, Canada."Journal of environmental management203 (2017): 208-217. Teitelbaum, Sara, ed.Community Forestry in Canada: Lessons from Policy and Practice. UBC Press, 2016. Thiffault, Evelyne, et al., eds.Mobilisation of forest bioenergy in the boreal and temperate biomes: Challenges, opportunities and case studies. Academic Press, 2016. Xu, Zhen, et al. "Climate change mitigation strategies in the forest sector: biophysical impacts and economic implications in British Columbia, Canada."Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change23.2 (2018): 257-290. Yung, Yu Ki. "State of Urban Forest Policy and By-laws across Ontario Municipalities." (2018). Zurba, Melanie, Alan P. Diduck, and A. John Sinclair. "First Nations and industry collaboration for forest governance in northwestern Ontario, Canada."Forest Policy and Economics69 (2016): 1-10.

When Rainclouds Gather free essay sample

Matenge is clearly the antagonist of the novel. Head’s characterisation of Matenge is almost comical. He is a overweight and egotistical meglomaniac. He lives off the poor and his inherited unpaid slaves. He parades his wealth and strokes his own ego in his dress and through his actions. He wears a purple robe and sits in high-backed, throne-like chair. He is primarily concerned with bolstering his own image and nursing his ideas of his own self-importance. He believes that his status as sub-chief is an inherited and fixed position and therefore unable to be challenged by anyone he considers inferior. Therefore, when he is threatened by Makhaya and Gilbert, he acts arrogantly and without consideration for the potential they offer to the community he is supposed to lead. Matenge is ultimately undone because of his despotism and ruthless disregard for his villagers. Even his own brother is relieved by his death. We will write a custom essay sample on When Rainclouds Gather or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Matenge is the main antagonist in the story. He is the sub- chief and ruler of Golema Mmidi, but also the brother of paramount chief Sekoto. The sub-chief is regarded by the people as a tyrant. Matenge is a egotistical megalomaniac, who has inherited un-paid servants and land so therefore feels superior. It is this personality which leads him to fight with everybody who has the intelligence to threaten his position. The conflicts with Makhaya. As Makhaya is the main protagonist, it is obvious that there would be a conflict between, him, the kind-hearted and the evil tyrant, Matenge. The conflict between the sympathetic Makhaya and the dictator Matenge, is the main theme in the book as Matenge is ruling the people in the way which made Makhaya leave South Africa. For more information about his past go to Hints of Makhayas Past. Matenges persistence to rid himself of Makhaya is evident after Makhaya is called to Matenge mansion, and insults Matenge and Joas Tsepe. Chief Matenge has a personality which causes a gut feeling, one which would indicate that he is after power and the ability to control; in other words evil. His sense of royalty is sickening, he treats all of his servants like slaves, and his one friend, another man looking for power, Joas Tsepe like a dog. These actions evoke the feeling which, all hero versus evil, stories have; in this case Matenge versus Gilbert and Makhaya. The satire in Chapter 5 helps to provoke the reader into despising this characte

The Top 10 Unsolved Questions in Economics

The Top 10 Unsolved Questions in Economics There are many problems in the economic world that have yet to be solved, and fortunately, Wikipedia  has compiled a list of the greatest ones to date - from what caused the Industrial Revolution to whether or not money supply is endogenous. Although great economists like Craig Newmark and members of the AEA have taken a stab at solving these tough issues, the true solution to these problems - that is to say the generally understood and accepted truth of the matter - has yet to come to light. To say a question is unsolved implies that the question potentially has a solution, in the same way 2x 4 8 has a solution. The difficulty is, most of the questions on this list are so vague that they cannot possibly have a solution. Nevertheless, here are the top ten unsolved economic problems. 1. What Caused the Industrial Revolution? Although there are many factors at play in causing the Industrial Revolution, the economic answer to this question has yet to be sussed out. However, no event has a single cause - the Civil War was not wholly caused by slavery and World War I was not wholly caused by the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand. This is a question without a solution, as events have numerous causes and determining which ones were more important than others naturally involves some subjectivity. While some might argue that a strong middle-class, mercantilism and the development of an empire, and an easily moveable and growing urban population who increasingly believed in materialism led to the Industrial Revolution in England, others might argue the countrys isolation from European continental problems or the nations common market led to this growth. 2. What Is the Proper Size and Scope of Government? This question again has no real objective answer, because people will always have differing views on the argument of efficiency versus equity in governance. Even if a population managed to fully understand the exact trade-off that was being made in each case, the size and scope of a government largely depend on its citizenrys dependence on its influence. New countries, like the United States in its early days, relied on a centralized government to maintain order and oversee rapid growth and expansion. Over time, it has had to decentralize some of its authority to the state and local levels in order to better represent its vastly diverse population. Still, some might argue the government should be larger and control more due to our reliance on it domestically and abroad. 3. What Truly Caused the Great Depression? Much like the first question, the cause of the Great Depression cant be pinpointed because so many factors were at play in the eventual crash of the United States economies in the late 1920s. However, unlike the Industrial Revolution, whose many factors also included advances outside of economy, the Great Depression was primarily caused by a catastrophic intersection of economic factors. Economists commonly believe five factors ultimately resulted in the Great Depression: the stock market crash in 1929, over 3,000 banks failing throughout the 1930s, reduction in purchasing (demand) in the market itself, American policy with Europe, and drought conditions in Americas farmland. 4. Can We Explain the Equity Premium Puzzle? In short, no we have not yet. This puzzle refers to the strange occurrence of returns on stocks being much higher than returns on government bonds over the past century, and economists are still baffled by what could truly be the cause. Some posit that either risk aversion may be at play here, or antithetically that large consumption variability accounted for the discrepancy in return capital. However, the notion that stocks are riskier than bonds isnt enough to account for this risk aversion as a means to alleviate arbitrage opportunities within a countrys economy. 5. How Is It Possible to Provide Causal Explanations Using Mathematical Economics? Because mathematical economics relies on purely logical constructions, some might wonder how an economist might use causal explanations in their theories, but this problem isnt quite that difficult to solve. Like physics, which can provide causal explanations like a projectile traveled 440 feet because it was launched at point x from angle y at velocity z, etc., mathematical economics can explain the correlation between events in a market that follow the logical functions of its core principles. 6. Is There an Equivalent of Black-Scholes for Futures Contract Pricing? The Black-Scholes formula estimates, with relative accuracy, the price of European-style options in a trading market. Its creation led to a newfound legitimacy of the operations of options in markets globally, including the Chicago Board Options Exchange, and is often used by participants of options markets to predict future returns. Although variations of this formula, including notably the Black formula, have been made in financial economic analyses, this still proves to be the most accurate prediction formula for markets around the world, so there is still yet to be an equivalent introduced to the options market. 7. What Is the Microeconomic Foundation of Inflation? If we treat money such as any other commodity in our economy and as such is subject to the same supply and demand forces, reason would suggest it would be just as susceptible to inflation as goods and services are. However, if you consider this question like one considers the question of which came first, the chicken or the egg, it may be best left as a rhetorical one. The basis, of course, is that we do treat our currency like a good or service, but where this originates doesnt truly have one answer. 8. Is the Money Supply Endogenous? Wikipedia follows up this question with a simple statement: Mainstream economics claims that it is; post-Keynesian economics claims that it is not. However, the issue isnt uniquely about endogeneity, which, strictly speaking, is a modeling assumption. If the question is properly constructed, I think this could be considered one of the key problems in economics. 9. How Does Price Formation Occur? In any given market, prices are formed by a variety of factors, and just like the question of the microeconomic foundation of inflation, theres no true answer to its origins, though one explanation posits that each seller in a market forms a price depending on probabilities within the market which in turn depends on the probabilities of other sellers, meaning that prices are determined by how these sellers interact with one another and their consumers. However, this idea that prices are determined by the markets overlooks several key factors including that some goods or service markets dont have a set market price as some markets are volatile while others are stable - all depending on the veracity of information available to buyers and sellers. 10. What Causes the Variation of Income Among Ethnic Groups? Much like the causes of the Great Depression and the Industrial Revolution, the exact cause of income disparity between ethnic groups cannot be pinpointed to a single source. Instead, a variety of factors ​are at play depending on where one is observing the data, though it mostly comes down to institutionalized prejudices within the job market, availability of resources to different ethnic and their relative economic groups, and employment opportunities in localities featuring varying degrees of ethnic population density.

Chicago riots Essays - Red Summer, Free Essays, Term Papers

Chicago riots Essays - Red Summer, Free Essays, Term Papers HIS-2020G The importance of little factors that can lead up to becoming huge and having great effects on actions. For blacks and whites both the riot was just a built up increase of hostility that has been going on for quite some time. One thing can be said though that the Chicago incidents seem to be the more ruthless and aggressive when compared to others. It may have been because of the blacks resiliency not to lie down and to fight back. A lot of the time it causes even more anger to mix when compared to a nonviolent approach. Nevertheless, the Chicago riots and the incidents that led up to it were huge in status. A young black man named Eugene Williams swam past an unseen line of segregation at a popular public beach on Lake Michigan, Chicago. He was stoned by several white bystanders, knocked unconscious and drowned, and his death set off one of the bloodiest riots in Chicagos history. The reason why the Chicago race riots was crazy because of the Eugene Williams situation and doing that time thirty-eight people died (23 African American and 15 white) and over five hundred were injured. You can relate this back to what going on in present time with the police brutality how they killing African American teens for no reason just because they believe they up to no good. The Eugene Williams situation really set things off thats why Chicago had that big on of riots just like when had one Baltimore with the Mike Brown brutality and Trayvon Martin in Miami, Flordia when he was shot in killed because he had jacket on very late night outside. The white man have to believe that he was up to no good which is not fair and African American should be stereotypes as that. Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, was shot and killed on Aug. 9, 2014, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer. I believe we can both say this both of my reasons relate to what happen Eugene Williams that primary reason of the Chicago race riots just how start it both of the riots in Miami, Flordia and Baltimore of a killing of a teens just because the white men believe they have the right to do that. The Chicago race riot was not the result of the incident alone. Several factors, including the economic, social and political differences between blacks and whites, the post-war sky and the psychology of race relations in 1919, combined to make Chicago a prime target for this event. Although the riot was a spark for several short-term solutions to the racial tensions, it did little to improve race relations in the long run. It was many years before the nation truly addressed the underlying conflicts that sparked the riot of 1919. WWI provided tons of industrial work and over 400,000 African Americans migrated from the South to Northern cities between 1916-1918 alone. The first Great Migration lasted until 1930, The Great Migration was the movement of 2 million blacks out of the Southern United States to the Northeast, Midwest and West from 1910 to 1930. African Americans migrated to escape racism and prejudice in the south, as well as to seek jobs in industrial cities and resulted in a major shift in where African Americans lived in the United States. Many blacks went north during the great migration due to the fact of believing that they would get better jobs and fair treatment in the north. The Chicago race riot caused by hatred for one another of members of different races in the same community which is crazy. The black people had suffered the brunt of the bloodshed, They had also been arrested by police at twice the rate of whites. Many blacks viewed the migration as a well inspired deliverance from the land of suffering. The south could be hostile, but the north could be careful, cold, and lonely. A group of white men threw stones at Williams, hitting him, and he drowned. When police officers arrived on the scene, they refused to arrest the white man. Which bring me back to Trayvon Martin situation when he was shot in

Security challenges within Eurasia (Caucasus and Caspian basin) Essay

Security challenges within Eurasia (Caucasus and Caspian basin) - Essay Example Research shows that the basin holds about 100 billion barrels of gas and oil and stretches about the area of Northern Europe. Considering the size of the basin and its energy potential, the area is a very important for Europe and surrounding countries which are no less interested in harvesting the oil and gas. Furthermore, the region is supposed to be important in the redevelopment of the Silk Road that historically connected Europe and Asia. In this sense, the rout to be used in the transportation of energy resources has remained a security challenge as different countries prefer the use of different routes. NATO (the North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and EAPC (Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council) countries are greatly interested in the Caspian basin and Caucasus region for the factors stated here above. On the other hand, Russia’s relationship with Central Asian as well as South Caucasus countries is perceived to be motivated toward the redrawing of former Soviet Unionâ€⠄¢s old lines3. In other words, Russia wants the countries in these regions to get into its circle of influence.

What role does social class play Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

What role does social class play - Essay Example Looking at the work of Jane Austen in her novel ‘Pride and Prejudice’ it could be said that the novel is one of the most quintessential novels of manners and etiquettes that has effectively and provocatively described the role of social classes in society. Austen has dealt with the issues of manners, education, marriage, principles and upbringing in a society of the elite gentry of the 19th century England. Similarly, one other novel that has also discussed the subject of social class and its role in the society in a different manner is Room at the Top by John Braine. The novel was written in 1957 and has discussed how social class, desires, and the socio-economic struggles can change the entire course of human life, particularly his love and passion. The novel rotates around a story of young, ambitious man who is struggling hard to find his place in the socially escalating society during the postwar Britain (Austen, 1853; Braine, 1957). In the essay, I would like to explore whether or not the social class as presented in the aforementioned novels, has a similar role in the society. Furthermore, I would also like to study what exactly were the reasons behind the urge to get socially equal in the society. Furthermore, the essay would also discuss whether the same techniques (as discussed in the novels) are being used for the socio-economic struggle in the present day societies or not (Braine, 1957). Considering these questions as the basis of my study, I would like to incorporate the essay with various researches and studies from the past in order to gain data and information on the subject. However, I would only stick to the two main novels that I have selected for this essay for discussing social class and its role. With the help of this essay, I would like to study the fundamentals and the concepts that are associated with the subject and in arts and humanities. It  will help me to broaden my horizon, knowledge and understanding

Animal Farm-Power Corrpts Essay Example for Free

Animal Farm-Power Corrpts Essay Animal Farm is an allegorical novel about the Russian Revolution and the resulting political system of the Soviet Union. Through this story which appears to be a simple fable on the surface, we see George Orwell’s beliefs about the nature of power and its seemingly inevitable corruption of noble ideas. Educated authority figures in the book bend the principles of communism to suit their own selfish needs and desires, all the while taking advantage of the uneducated masses, and easily manipulated them through propaganda and persuasion. Through this allegory of communism turned to totalitarianism, Orwell explores the dangers of a political system where leaders have no sense of social responsibility toward their subjects. The first instance of corruption among the ruling class appears shortly after the revolution. The pigs, the new rulers of Animal Farm after the ousting of the tyrant farmer Jones, milk the cows to relieve them from of their discomfort. The animals, remembering how Jones would mix some of the milk into their mash, look forward to at least similar treatment from the pigs. However, the milk soon disappears and it is discovered later that the pigs have mixed it into their own mash without sharing it with the other animals, just as the windfall apples have been consumed exclusively by the pigs. Squealer, the political propagandist for the pigs, justifies this to the other animals by saying that the pigs need the extra brain energy, and then bolsters his argument with some fear mongering: â€Å" Do you know what would happen if w pigs failed in our duty? Jones would be back!† (32). The fact that this incident occurs so quickly after the revolution and at a time when all of the pigs are still present on the farm shows Orwell’s belief that the corruption is not only inevitable in a society where the ruling sector of the population is so much better educated than the rest, but that all of these members of the ruling class were potentially corruptible. As the story moves on Orwell shows us how power is corrupting more. Another of the major instance that occurs after the milk and apples is the ruling class moving in the farmhouse. As the commandment says no animal shall sleep in a bed. Some of the other animals were confused but as usual squealer came with his propaganda.

Art and Nature in Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale Essay -- Shakespeare

Art and Nature in Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale In Shakespeare’s â€Å"The Winter’s Tale†, we see a jealous king convinced he is search of the truth. He will expose his wife and her alleged philandering, but his determination to prove this actually changes this search from one for truth to one for myths—creations, false truths. In essence. Leontes runs into the conflict of defining art versus nature, where art is the view of the world he constructs to prove his paranoia true. Nature itself can exist without art, but the art here is the mangled perception through which Leontes will seek to define Nature. In summation, â€Å"The Winter’s Tale† investigates the conflict between art and nature—creation versus enhancement—and seeks to find out if art can exist without any consideration to nature. The idea of altering perception is a fundamental one in â€Å"The Winter’s Tale†, and art is seen as the way to make this alteration occur. While it is clear to the reader from the very beginning that Hermione is in fact innocent, Shakespeare introduces the reader to Leontes’s persistence to clearly show the beginnings of the conflict brewing. Despite Hermione’s clear innocence, Leontes has been written as a character so belligerent to ever see what is universally accepted as true in nature. The result is a conflict clear to the reader—a conflict of nature on its own merit, a question of truth, versus art, where perception is inherently flawed. Shakespeare creates a truly paranoid, conflicted character in Leontes, which works to make his objectivity, his desire to make truths out of falsities, even more apparent. Leontes speaks to the audience passionately upon his discovery, but his passion sounds so melodramatic, especially when we as readers a.. . ...years later, it becomes clear that for all the emphasis put on art, on creation, and on mass production—nature is central to our human experience. We can symbolize this natural connection with art—but the art itself always harkens back to something that elicits an emotional response from the viewer. For Leontes, a statue of his presumably deceased wife, Hermione triggers a sorrowful reaction. Art indeed embellishes life as it does with flowers, but we are always working from some perspective, some emotion, before we are merely creating art. â€Å"The Winter’s Tale† takes on the challenge of investigating whether or not art can in fact breathe outside the womb of nature, and as we witness art break down, and nature hold the characters together, it becomes resoundingly clear that art seeks to react to nature, but that it cannot work without maintaining nature at its core. Art and Nature in Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale Essay -- Shakespeare Art and Nature in Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale In Shakespeare’s â€Å"The Winter’s Tale†, we see a jealous king convinced he is search of the truth. He will expose his wife and her alleged philandering, but his determination to prove this actually changes this search from one for truth to one for myths—creations, false truths. In essence. Leontes runs into the conflict of defining art versus nature, where art is the view of the world he constructs to prove his paranoia true. Nature itself can exist without art, but the art here is the mangled perception through which Leontes will seek to define Nature. In summation, â€Å"The Winter’s Tale† investigates the conflict between art and nature—creation versus enhancement—and seeks to find out if art can exist without any consideration to nature. The idea of altering perception is a fundamental one in â€Å"The Winter’s Tale†, and art is seen as the way to make this alteration occur. While it is clear to the reader from the very beginning that Hermione is in fact innocent, Shakespeare introduces the reader to Leontes’s persistence to clearly show the beginnings of the conflict brewing. Despite Hermione’s clear innocence, Leontes has been written as a character so belligerent to ever see what is universally accepted as true in nature. The result is a conflict clear to the reader—a conflict of nature on its own merit, a question of truth, versus art, where perception is inherently flawed. Shakespeare creates a truly paranoid, conflicted character in Leontes, which works to make his objectivity, his desire to make truths out of falsities, even more apparent. Leontes speaks to the audience passionately upon his discovery, but his passion sounds so melodramatic, especially when we as readers a.. . ...years later, it becomes clear that for all the emphasis put on art, on creation, and on mass production—nature is central to our human experience. We can symbolize this natural connection with art—but the art itself always harkens back to something that elicits an emotional response from the viewer. For Leontes, a statue of his presumably deceased wife, Hermione triggers a sorrowful reaction. Art indeed embellishes life as it does with flowers, but we are always working from some perspective, some emotion, before we are merely creating art. â€Å"The Winter’s Tale† takes on the challenge of investigating whether or not art can in fact breathe outside the womb of nature, and as we witness art break down, and nature hold the characters together, it becomes resoundingly clear that art seeks to react to nature, but that it cannot work without maintaining nature at its core.

What are the differences between how a child learns and how an adult learns?

Child learning is built on the concept that children need to be fully guided on what they need to learn, how they will learn it and when it will be learned. â€Å"Pedagogy is the art and science of teaching children† (Knowles, 1984, p. 13). This type of learning promotes dependency of the learners on the teacher or instructor. The counterpart of pedagogy is â€Å"Andragogy† which is â€Å"the art and science of helping adults learn† (Knowles, 1984, p. 13). It is assumed that adults have capabilities to take responsibility for learning so that there is more independence from the teacher or instructor.Curricula for child learning are very much controlled. They are age specific so that children depend much on what the teacher will teach; and it is expected that the teacher will provide all the answers. For adult learners, teachers do not have much control of the curriculum and they are not expected to provide answers but only to guide the adults to find the answers. It is expected that adults have basic knowledge and experience so that their kind of learning is more self-directed. Children are more subject-centered while adults are more performance-centered.When children learn, they are guided by role models and substitute knowledge and experiences of others. Teachers tell them when situations are worth following and when situations are to be avoided. Adults learn by performing in their own environment and problem situations. Children’s learning is enhanced by rewards and punishments. To recognize their acquired learning and also to encourage them to learn more, they are provided with rewards like high grades; good feedback like very good, excellent and even gifts. Adults are more goal-oriented. Their readiness allows them to immediately apply their learning to achieve their goals.

Ethos, Pathos, and Logos

Ethos, Pathos and Logos Even someone living under a rock has most likely heard of the ongoing debate for and against outsourcing. Outsourcing is defined as enlisting help from an outside supplier or manufacturer in order to increase profit. To make someone gain interest in one’s view on something such as outsourcing, one needs to make a persuasive argument. A good persuasive argument contains three aspects: ethos, logos, and pathos. Ethos is established in the character or displayed character of the writer or speaker.Logos uses logical evidence or reason usually with facts or statistics. Pathos appeals to the reader’s emotions. Thomas Friedman, three-time Pulitzer Prize-winning author and The New York Times columnist, uses rhetoric to increase the persuasiveness of his pro-outsourcing article â€Å"The Great Indian Dream. † Meanwhile, David Moberg, senior editor and contributor to numerous national publications, uses different examples using the same tools in his anti-outsourcing article â€Å"High-tech Hijack. Articles, such as these for and against outsourcing, use rhetorical persuasion by citing different examples and facts to add appeal to a specific view. â€Å"The Great Indian Dream,† the pro-outsourcing essay, contains several examples of persuasion using rhetoric. Thomas Friedman discusses how India came to be a workforce to compete with, in a logical and easily understood approach. Friedman demonstrates knowledge on the issue by acknowledging the opposing argument that outsourcing can be bad news from a competition point of view, but claims there is a solution.Friedman, citing what an Indian executive once told him, explains how all the United States needs to do to eliminate concern for outsourcing is â€Å"redouble their efforts at education and research†(Friedman). This is a truly persuasive statement because it establishes the character of the writer making him seem unbiased with this simple solution. Pathos is of ten demonstrated with the use of children, animals, and memories to evoke an emotional response from the reader. In â€Å"The Great Indian Dream,† Thomas Friedman applies this technique using his nine year-old daughter and his imagined granddaughter.Friedman adds persuasion to his argument by appealing to the reader’s sense of awe. This is shown through the innocence of a child’s response to questions about where products come from. This emotional response tends to make the example more relatable for the reader. In addition to using children to persuade, pathos can also be seen in the quote taken from Rajesh Rao while talking about how American executives now know proper Hindi greetings. Mr. Rao, a software marketing manager from India, states, †A few years ago nobody in America wanted to talk to us.Now they are eager†(Friedman). This statement attempts to make the reader feel a sense of sadness for the Indians before offshoring began, and a feeling of happiness now that it has begun. The last element of persuasion, logos, provides the greatest depth of logical reasoning for favoring a specific view. For example, Friedman shines a light on the time-zone difference, which allows for a continuous workday between the United States and India. With the chance to develop one’s own company nonstop by working 24 hours a day, who wouldn’t logically make this choice?Furthermore, India contains 555 million people under the age of 25, all raised with a strong emphasis on education. Friedman reveals this image of India which is comprised of so many young and intelligent individuals that make the country the obvious place to go in search of a large quantity of less expensive employees. â€Å"High-tech hijack,† an anti-outsourcing essay, demonstrates the same principles of persuasion in an attempt to influence the reader to oppose outsourcing.David Moberg also gained a great deal of credibility on outsourcing by winning t he Max Steinbeck Award from the International Labor Communications Association and a Project Censored Award for his coverage of labor issues. Moberg cites several respected sources, such as IDC, a private IT research firm, University of California Berkeley, and Economic Policy Institute, which only adds to the persuasion of his argument making it that much more supported. Using highly respected sources and discussing a solution to the problem by means of government legislation displays ethos for his position.Moberg points out a study of the gross overpayment of corporate positions found that â€Å"Executive pay for the 50 largest outsourcers of service jobs increased dramatically in 2003 to 28 percent above the average for large-company CEOs†(Moberg). This alarming number he uses, combined with the rising unemployment rate, renders a sense of contempt in the reader towards these money driven executives. Secondly, Mr. Moberg uses a first-hand example, with the story of Stephen Gentry to express his relatable emotions felt by many.Gentry, a fifteen year technical programmer for Boeing, worked fulltime while earning a computer-science degree and was forced to train his Indian replacements before being fired. After being unemployed for eighteen months, Stephen Gentry describes American corporations as â€Å"so greedy and cutthroat-oriented they don’t care about me, you or anybody else except their bottom line†(Moberg). This quote, taken from an individual with experience in the subject, persuades the reader showing a significant emotional experience caused by outsourcing. Mr.Moberg presents the use of logos while talking about several credible studies regarding offshoring. The first study conducted by University of California Berkeley estimates that 14 million service jobs are vulnerable. This staggering number persuades the reader against outsourcing which is logically the cause of the United States’ high unemployment problem. Both art icles have good examples of persuasion, but both also seem to put their own spin on what facts to omit. Friedman’s position, being positive regarding offshoring, shapes his argument in many ways.First, he fails to mention all the jobs lost in America due to outsourcing, yet he puts a positive spin on the subject by discussing how greatly it is helping India’s economy. Secondly, Friedman also mentions that the United States can simply fix the problem they are facing by working four times as hard towards education and research. According to â€Å"Outsourcing decision support: a survey of benefits, risks, and decision factors a neutral academic,† an academic article by Tibor Kremic, â€Å"The social costs of outsourcing may be difficult to quantify but they can be significant.Outsourcing may result in low morale, high absenteeism, lower productivity, etc. † Friedman leaves this fact out while Moberg seems to stress it. Meanwhile, Moberg, being anti-outsourci ng, fails to mention the great economic impact on India, and instead he focuses largely on the mass unemployment generated solely in America. Friedman also claims the resolution for the problem lies majorly on government legislation and should be fixed through new stricter laws.Whether pro or against the issue, it’s easy to see how a basic argument can be shaped using ethos, pathos, and logos to persuade the reader. By using these rhetorical tools one can appeal to any reader through a basic emotional response. Either emotion or logic can completely lose its appeal however without ethos by the writer. Both readers use pathos and logos well, but when it comes to ethos David Moberg takes the cake. Rhetoric along with using specific facts can be the difference when it comes to persuading the public in favor of a certain view one holds.

Ginzburg essays

Ginzburg essays Proceeding from the following quote, briefly explain Ginzburgs historical model of stylistic change, referring back to Volliet-le-Duc and Gottfried Semper wherever appropriate. A Flower grows in the field because it cannot help but to grow: thus it cannot contemplate whether or not it is appropriate to the field that existed before it. On the contrary, by its very appearance, the flower transforms the general image of the field Ginzburg talks about the formal development of styles and how the modern architecture is grown from the past but isnt necessarily based on the past. These ideas are very much shared by Semper. This growth is singular and linear, based on a preceding proposition, each out growing the latter, but not continuing the old. ...a person making use of the achievements in electricity cannot, under any circumstances, be forced to revert to steam power. Gottfried Semper explains this form of thinking very well in that, we learn from the past, we cannot copy it, as this is a waste but rather we cannot turn our backs on this existing knowledge, and previous epochs. The development and changing of styles is a meshed concept. There is no end or beginning of styles. Ginzburg explains the life of a particular style as a growing organism in that it is born, lives out its youth, matures and lives out its old age, but never dies, but rather atrophies. This is why the actual timing of a style is impossible to track, for there is no death of a style, the life of the style atrophies. Styles cannot be erased because they are not physical elements to knocked down and demolished. So when an epoch forms, there is a trace of the old style, a marking, like a child would have of his parents. Each style has a genetic imprint of its parent, history. A flower grows in the field because it cannot help but to grow... A flower germinates in the grown and is thus, ...

Definition and Examples of Structural Violence

Definition and Examples of Structural Violence Structural violence refers to any scenario in which a social structure perpetuates inequity, thus causing preventable suffering. When studying structural violence, we examine the ways that social structures (economic, political, medical, and legal systems) can have a disproportionately negative impact on particular groups and communities. The concept of structural violence gives us a way to consider how and in what forms these negative impacts occur, as well as what can be done to curtail such harm. Background The term structural violence was coined by the Johan Gultang, a Norwegian sociologist. In his 1969 article, â€Å"Violence, Peace, and Peace Research,† Gultang argued that structural violence explained the negative power of social institutions and systems of social organization among marginalized communities. It is important to distinguish Gultang’s concept of violence from the term as it is traditionally defined (physical violence of war or crime). Gultang defined structural violence as the root cause of the differences between people’s potential reality and their actual circumstances. For example, potential life expectancy in the general population might be significantly longer than the actual life expectancy for members of disadvantaged groups, due to factors like racism, economic inequality, or sexism. In this example, the discrepancy between the potential and the actual life expectancy results from structural violence. Significance of Structural Violence Structural violence enables more nuanced analyses of the social, cultural, political, economic, and historical forces that shape inequality and suffering. It creates an opportunity to consider seriously the role of different types of marginalization – such as sexism, racism, ableism, ageism, homophobia, and/or poverty – in creating lived experiences that are fundamentally less equal. Structural violence helps explain the multiple and often intersecting forces that create and perpetuate inequality on multiple levels, both for individuals and communities. Structural violence also highlights the historical roots of modern inequality. The inequities and suffering of our time often unfold within a broader history of marginalization, and this framework provides a critical context for understanding the present in terms of its relationship to the past. For instance, marginalization in post-colonial countries often connects closely with their colonial histories, just as inequality in the U.S. must be considered with respect to complex histories of slavery, immigration, and policy. Structural Violence and Health Today, the concept of structural violence is widely used in the fields of public health, medical anthropology, and global health. Structural violence is particularly useful for examining suffering and inequity in the sphere of health. It highlights the complex and overlapping factors that influence health outcomes, such as in the case of health disparities (or inequity) between different racial or ethnic communities in the U.S. or elsewhere. Paul Farmer’s research, writing, and applied work in the field of global health has brought significant attention to the concept of structural violence. An anthropologist and physician, Dr. Farmer has worked in this field for decades, using the lens of structural violence to show the connections between vast differences in wealth accumulation and related disparities in health care and outcomes around the world. His work emerges from the intersections of public health and human rights, and he is the Kolokotrones University Professor of Global Health and Social Medicine at Harvard University. Dr. Farmer co-founded Partners in Health, an international organization that aims to improve preventable negative health outcomes in disadvantaged – and disproportionately ill – communities. Why is it at some of the world’s poorest countries are also the sickest? The answer is structural violence. Farmer and Partners in Health began working in Haiti in the mid-1980s, but the organization has since expanded to multiple sites and projects around the world. Projects related to structural violence and health include: The aftermath of the 2010 earthquake in HaitiTuberculosis epidemics in Russian prisonsReconstructing Rwanda’s health care system after the 1994 genocideHIV/AIDS interventions in Haiti and Lesotho Structural Violence in Anthropology Many cultural and medical anthropologists are influenced by the theory of structural violence. Key anthropological texts on structural violence and health are: Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor (Paul Farmer)Death Without Weeping: The Violence of Everyday Life in Brazil (Nancy Scheper-Hughes)Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies: Migrant Farmworkers in the United States (Seth Holmes)In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio (Philippe Bourgois) Structural violence is particularly prominent in medical anthropology, including the anthropology of global health. It has been used to analyze a variety of topics, including but not limited to substance abuse, migrant health, child mortality, womens health, and infectious disease. Sources Farmer, Paul. Haiti After the Earthquake. Public Affairs, 2011.Kidder, Tracy. Mountains Beyond Mountains: The Quest of Dr. Paul Farmer, a M an Who Would Cure the World. Random House, 2009.Rylko-Bauer, Barbara and Paul Farmer. Structural Violence, Poverty, and Social Suffering. The Oxford Handbook of the Social Science of Poverty. April 2017.Taylor, Janelle. Explaining Difference: Culture, Structural Violence, and Medical Anthropology. Office of Minority Affairs at Diversity, The University of Washington.

Form-Meaning Connection Problem in SLA Classroom Essay

Form-Meaning Connection Problem in SLA Classroom - Essay Example Empirical and theoretical literature on FRCS has looked at a wide range of behavioural and cognitive sub processes, beginning with the initial link between a lexical or grammatical form and its meaning(s) to the use of the form by the L2 learner within the classroom. (Felix, 2005) It may seem obvious that a form-meaning connection is a situation in which a form encodes some kind of referential meaning. However, the situation is a bit more complicated. Three distinct possibilities present themselves: The establishment of FRCS is a fundamental aspect of both first and second language acquisition. All but a few L2 learners pursue meaning first, in an effort to communicate and to understand the world around them. Research in a variety of contexts attests to this impulse. This often, though not always, means that lexical acquisition takes precedence over the acquisition of grammatical features of the language. (Bardovi-Harlig, 1995) Indeed, it has been argued that processes involved in the acquisition of the semantic and formal components of words are distinct. Despite the clear importance of FRCS, they have not often been a central focus in SLA research. In the burgeoning research from a Chomskyan perspective since the mid-1980s, syntax has continued to be the centre of the bulk of research from a theoretical perspective. However, this strand of research may be more closely connected to FRCS than it first appears, and there is good reason for that exploring second language syntax to concern themselves with FRCS. (McCarthy, 2001) Current Minimalist perspectives clearly link syntax and morphology (i.e., inflections and allomorphs, which are aspects of FRCS) either in terms of what is called feature checking or in terms of the interface between morphology and syntax for understanding the development of syntax itself (White, 2003). It seems that continued examination of the what, why, and how of establishing FRCS during second language acquisition is a profitable endeavour. Its payoff may be seen in theory and in application. Acquisition And Form-Meaning Connections Following the ideas of others, we adopt the idea that acquisition must consist of multiple, distinct but related processes that together make up what is commonly referred to as the process of acquisition. Given that the concern here is FRCS, three processes associated with their acquisition are discussed. These processes can be considered stages in that an FMC must go through each process in order to be fully acquired. We will refer to these processes/stages as (1) making the initial connection, (2) subsequent processing of the connection, and (3) accessing the connection for use. Making the Initial Connection An FMC is initially made when a learner somehow cognitively

Conflict of Interest Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Conflict of Interest - Essay Example The biasness he will show at that point will give rise to conflicts. Moreover, an example may be, if there is some kind of affection between the boss and the employee and as a result the boss gives advantage to that specific employee. In this process unintentionally or intentionally other employees will suffer and this is what conflict of interests is all about. Now there are actually two types of conflicts; potential conflicts and actual conflicts. The potential conflict occurs when there is a divergence between the personal and professional interests of an individual. The above examples are potential conflict based. The actual conflict depends on the situation not on the actions of the individuals. Nowadays actual conflicts are not as common as potential conflicts are. Potential conflict can be considered as a red flag, which means that the person involved in the conflict must be careful with whatever he is doing before it turns out to transform into an actual conflict. As the pote ntial conflict can take the shape of an actual conflict that is why the officials should remain vigilant and they should keep a keen eye on whatever is happening in the organization (Campbell and Keith, 122-126). Conflict of interest has always been an indicator of moral wrongness. Moral wrongness refers to the act of doing something that is morally wrong. It is prohibited and prevented at all cost but if it happens then the consequences are devastating. There are two reasons on the basis of which conflict of interest are considered as an indicator of moral wrongness; 1. If a person who is involved in the conflict of interest does not know what he is doing, this negligent behavior has an adverse effect on the people he is being biased for and for those whom he is not being bias as well. This is morally wrong because every employee should be treated equally according to his rank and any kind of biasness among the employees will be considered morally wrong. 2. If the people who are su ffering don’t know at the moment that a conflict is taking place and the person who is involved in the conflict also doesn’t reveal this to them, then this whole act will be termed as deception. Deceiving someone is also morally wrong. It not only hurts the person but it also disappoints him. If equal effort is being made then what is the reason of this conflict of interest. Let us take the same example given above. It is related to an organization in which an employer hires his wife for a job. Their personal relation will obviously affect their professional life. The husband will obviously be bias for his wife. He will not consider her as an employee and as a result other employees will suffer. The amount of bonuses and promotions she will get will be much more then the amount given to other employees. Apart from this she will also not be fired for her lousy performance but she will be given many chances to improve herself while other employees will be fired at the in stant no matter how hardworking and efficient they are. This act will sometimes be noticed by the other employees and sometimes they will not be able to note that conflict is taking place. The moment they know that their boss is involved in a conflict they will definitely be disappointed and if in some cases they do not get to know then also the boss will be involved in a case of deception. This act of biasness and deception shows that conflict of interest is always an indicator of

Concept analys Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Concept analys - Assignment Example They are proven to have logical connections, physical connections and causal relations (Sassen, 2000, p. 240). Concepts must provide explanations to certain phenomena or events using intuitive thinking which may provide a better understanding using reasons, symbols and cause-and-effect. In addition, concepts have been created by people to represent things to provide meanings to them so that people may get explanations leading to understanding (Novacek and Smrz, 2006, p. 70). In short, concepts do not need to be physically tested as they can be products of intuitive thinking. Concepts are developed when certain phenomena exist with little or no explanations (Dashiff, 2010). People look for the explanations for the events that happen around them so they can better act and solve if ever problems exist. New concepts may also be formed when the established concepts are already out-of-date which require ground-breaking explanations to adapt to the current state of the phenomena (Dashiff, 2010). Change has been constant and some concepts may not be able to adjust to the environment and development so new concepts must be created. Concepts may also come out when there are gaps between practice and research (Dashiff, 2010). Research has been present to provide evidences and support to improve the practice of certain professions. In nursing, it has been necessary to have concept analysis to provide further development for the practice of that profession. Concepts provide the framework for nurses and nursing students to understand certain phenomena in their profession by providing meaning and connections with abstract ideas (Fitzpatrick and Kazer, 2012). For concept analysis to be successful, various traditional approaches have been developed. Concept analysis started with the approach created by Wilson which is composed of 11 steps (Meleis, 2012, p. 372). The steps must come to conclusion in choosing the words that best fit the meaning and concept applied

Anita and Meena in Anita and Me and Piggy and Ralph in Lord of the Flies Essay Example for Free

Anita and Meena in Anita and Me and Piggy and Ralph in Lord of the Flies Essay In both Anita and Me and Lord of the Flies, the characters have very much the same type of friendship. The two people in the friendship are not on the same level when they are together. For example, in Anita and Me, Meena is never seen as more superior to Anita and Piggy is never seen as superior to Ralph. Despite this fact, the reader can obviously tell that both Meena and Piggy are more intellectually superior to Anita and Ralph. These two friendships in both books undergo changes as incidents occur such as the forming of Jacks tribe in Lord of the Flies and when Anitas other friends abandon her. These changes really force both Anita and Ralph, the more superior of the two friendships to rely heavily on the inferior of the friendships, Piggy and Meena for emotional support. If these parts of the two books were looked at in detail, the reader would see that both Ralph and Anita usually feel as if they cannot continue and Meena and Piggy are usually the people who help them through their difficult times and provide support. At the beginning of Anita and Me, Anita is portrayed as quite an attractive young girl and one with the power to have control over people, Anita was the undisputed cock of our yardher foghorn voice, foul mouth indicated she was carrying enough testosterone around to earn the titleshe had the face of a pissed-off cherub, huge green eyes, blonde hair and a curling mouth Here we can see that Anita is described as the undisputed cock of our yard. This illustrates how she is a very powerful girl. The fact that features such as blonde hair, large green eyes and a face of a cherub are resembled in her suggest that she is quite an angelic, good and polite young girl. This, however, is contradicted by her foghorn voice and foul mouth. This shows us how she is not really what she seems and that even though she may look tough and powerful, she really is quite a lonely, sad girl. If we compare Anitas appearance to Meenas, we see a large difference: the winter coat, the scabbed knees, my stubborn nine-year old face not because I was too young or badly dressed, it was something else, something about me so offputting, so unimaginable. Meena describes herself as very unattractive. When compared to Anita, we can see that it is the truth. Anitas description gives her maturity and superiority while Meenas make her seem as if she is a little nine-year old girl who does not possess the same maturity and superiority as Anita. It is very much the same as Lord of the Flies with Piggy and Ralphs friendship. At the beginning, our first impression gained of Ralph is of an athletic and attractive young boy: He was old enough, twelve years and a few months, to have lost the prominent tummy of childhoodyou could see now that he might make a boxer, as far as width and heaviness of shoulders went, buy there was a mildness about his mouth and eyes that proclaimed no devil Here Ralph is described in an attractive way and he, like Anita, can be described in two different ways: firstly as a boxer which portrays Ralph as a strong, powerful man while the mildness about his mouth and eyes shows that he is still an innocent pleasant young boy. In the same way Anita is friends with Meena in Anita and Me, Ralph is friends with Piggy. Piggy is very similar to Meena. Both Piggy and Meena are not as attractive as Ralph and Anita. In this way, they are seen as insuperior to them: The naked crooks of his knees were plump, caught and scratched by thorns Here Piggys description does not portray him as either very attractive or very interesting. The fact that his knees are scratched by thorns makes Piggy seem quite young as you normally imagine young children to have scratched knees. Ralph is described as almost a man. This is another way in which Piggy is depicted as inferior to Ralph. Another way in which Ralph and Anita are described as greater than Piggy and Meena are when they meet. When Anita talks to Meena for the first time, she assumes that she is more superior to Meena. then snatched the bag off me and began walking away as she ate When Anita meets Meena, she snatches a bag of sweets from her and starts to walk away. She expects Meena to follow and what I find surprising is that Meena seems to think that this is fine and she feels happy to follow her a few paces behind. Meena feels privileged to be in Anitas company. Anita realises this and uses it to her advantage. Anita has got used to realising that she is normally the leader of a group and that she has the ability to exert a lot of power. Ralph also assumes that he is superior when he meets Piggy. When Piggy asks what Ralphs name is, Ralph does not return the gesture: The fat boy waited to be asked his name in turn buy this proffer of acquaintance was not made Here Ralph is portrayed as quite arrogant. We can see that Ralph obviously feels in some way superior to this fat boy and therefore he feels that he is not the same level as him. Throughout the book, Ralph has a certain amount of superiority over Piggy and uses it often. When Jack, Simon and Ralph explore the island for the first time and Piggy asks to come, Ralph embaraces him by refusing to let him come. The same is done in Anita and Me, as Anita is throughout the book more superior to Meena. Both Meena and Piggy do not belong to the groups that are formed in the books. Piggy is far too intellectual and mature for the games played and he is the odd one out of the group, as is Simon. Meena too does not fit in to Anitas group. She describes herself as too young for Anitas consideration and too old for the children. Even when she does join Anitas group, she sometimes feels out of place. Towards the end of both books, both Anita and Ralph find that they need support when their close friends leave them. In Anita and Me, Anita experiences this when her mother leaves: she always seemed older than her peers. But when I spied her sitting alone on the park swings, from a distance, her crumpled face and hunched shoulders turned her momentarily into a little old lady. When Anitas mother and the poet leave her, Anita feels depressed and lonely. Meena, although she is angry with her, feels sorry for Anita and tries to comfort and support her. This shows how Meena, even though she is portrayed as insuperior to Anita, is the more stable of the two girls. Meena has two loving parent who look after her well and a baby brother while Anita lives with her unreliable mother who is hardly there for her and a father who sees her very rarely. Ralph also finds himself in this situation when the boys divide into two groups and Ralph is left only with Simon and Piggy: Piggy Uh? What are we going to do? Piggy looked at the conch. You could- Call an assembly? Ralph laughed sharply as he said the word and Piggy frowned. Here we can see the difference in Ralphs way of talking to Piggy. We can see that Ralph has no idea of what to do now that Jack has made his own tribe. Ralph now finds that he is relying on Piggy to help and support him through his time of need. Ralph also uses the word we instead of I. This shows how Ralph feels that both him and Piggy are now in their own tribe. It also shows how Ralph is letting Piggy be on the same level as him by using we. Another way in, which the friendship of Anita and Meena and the friendship between Ralph and Piggy are similar, is the ending of the friendship. At the end of the book, Meena realises that Anita is not the person she should be a best friend with: I dont give a toss what your sister [Anita] does, Tracey. Yow can tell her that from me. At this point, Meena has realised that Anita has not treated her as well as she should have been treated. Meena learns this from making friends with two other people who treat her well and are true friends. When Meena returns from hospital, she doesnt socialise much and is happy doing things alone. Anita, jealous of her happiness and the love she receives from her parents, sends threatening notes to her in the hope of scaring Meena. At this point we can really see that Meena is superior to Anita as Anita tries to make a desperate attempt at trying to feel more superior and secure by threatening her. The same happens in Lord of the Flies. After Piggy has died, Ralph realises what a great friend Piggy really was to him and how much he needs him when Jacks tribe turn against him: And in the middle of them, with filthy body, unwiped nose, Ralph wept for the end of innocence, the darkness of mans heart, and the fall through the air of the true, wise friend called Piggy. Here we can see that Ralphs image of a strong, powerful young man is lost and we see him as a young naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve boy in contrast to Piggy who is described as wise. Before, Piggy was portrayed as a fat, asthmatic boy who was inferior to Ralph but now we see that Piggy is superior to Ralph. Ralph realises this and feels bad in the way he treated Piggy. Towards the end of both books, the characters who were portrayed as superior: Anita and Ralph find it hard to cope when Meena and Piggy leave them. In Anita and Me, when Meena breaks the friendship between herself and Anita, Anita begins to find that she is jealous of Meena and sends her threatening notes. Similarly in Lord of the Flies, when Piggy dies, Ralph finds it hard to cope. He is left all alone and is abandoned by his so-called friends who he preferred to Piggy in the beginning. In both cases we find how much Ralph and Anita depended on Piggy and Meena to make them feel superior. While in actual fact, Meena and Piggy were the superior ones.

The Role of Advertising in Business Essay -- Role of Market Communicat

1. INTRODUCTION 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 3. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE 4. SOURCES OF DATA 5. RESEARCH DESIGN 6. CONCLUSIONS 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. INTRODUCTION Advertising in business is a type of marketing communication used to encourage, persuade, or manipulate a customer to take or continue to take some action. The desired result is to drive consumer behavior with respect to a commercial offering. The primary role of advertising is to inform potential customers of the products and services in the market and convince them to make a purchase. Through advertisements customers are informed of new products, their role, their benefit and the prices at which they are being made available to the customer. It is a technique used to influence people's minds and encourage more sales. The main purpose of advertising is to deliver the proper message to customers and prospective customers. The purpose of advertising is to convince customers that a company's services or products are the best, to enhance the image of the company, point out and create a need for their products or services, demonstrate new uses for the established ones, announce new products and programs, reinforce the individual messages of the sales people, draw customers to the business, and to hold existing customers. Advertising lies in the Promotion part of Marketing Mix, but it applies to all the other P's as well. Promoting one’s business is the key ingredient to making one’s business successful. Promotion, along with a great product, key placement, and a reasonable price, will help a marketer work his way to the top. Promoting does not mean leaving his advertising up to the word of mouth of his current customer. â€Æ' 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Brand Equity & ... ...n their advertising strategies as on their products and services †¢ Consumers’ attitude towards advertisements varies greatly †¢ Advertising is considered necessary for growth and success of big companies these days †¢ A product that is not advertised is lost on the customer. †¢ Advertising is the backbone of today’s sales industry. â€Æ' 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY †¢ DA Aaker, AL Biel- 1993- books.google.com †¢ T Meenaghan - Journal of Product & Brand Management, 1995 - emeraldinsight.com †¢ FM Scherer, D Ross - University of Illinois †¢ WF Mueller, RT Rogers - The Review of Economics and Statistics, 1980 – JSTOR †¢ M Sutherland, J Galloway - Journal of Advertising Research, 1981 - sutherlandsurvey.com †¢ VA Zeithaml, MJ Bitner - 1996 - lavoisier.fr †¢ business-finance.blurtit.com †¢ smallbusiness.chron.com †º Advertising & Marketing †º Advertising †¢ www.advertising.nsw.gov.au